Starter motors spin up like mad when you turn your boats key and press the starter button. If the switch activates and the motor spins, but then engine does not crank, then the drive assembly or shift mechanism is faulty, and the starter should be removed for further diagnosis. Dc motor analysis pdma a leader in electric motor testing. Starter need to knows using alternative starters for an application 5 continued. Jan 28, 2020 bench testing the starter is the most effective way to find out if the starter motor is in fact bad. Dc motor fault zone analysis is a vital part of any dc motor maintenance program. Ill take you thru this starter test step by step this how to test the starter article applies to anything out there rolling around on pavement automobilewise. Conventional starter motor the conventional starter motor contains the components shown. The powerful electric starter motor does the turning. The starter current draw test effectively checks the entire starting system. Pdf an overview of automobile starting system faults and fault. Test results of surge protection devices shall be in accordance with procedures for testing of lv surge arresters.
Testing and commissioning procedure for electric motors eep. Disconnect the power cables from the main terminals 1l1, 3l2, and 5l3 and the motor cables from terminals 2t1, 4t2 and 6t3 disconnect all cables from the terminals 1 to 20, the external keypad, and the ptc sensor and if used, the field bus plug. This is where current supplied to the starter returns to the battery. In a frontengine layout, the starter is mounted low down near the back of the engine. Testing the resistance of the starter with a multimeter is a fundamental step in diagnosing vehicle charging system problems. How to test a starter with a multimeter it still runs. The only problem is when your outboard doesnt start, and youre left wondering if the problem is the starter itself or just the starter button.
Important measurements to confirm before replacing a starter with an alternative unit part b. Unusual voltage drops or unwanted resistance are more common on the ground side of a circuit. Section 7 of the ansineta standard for acceptance testing specifications for electrical power equipment and systems may be reproduced and used on a cut and paste basis for the particular type of equipment to be tested. A starter motor is an electrical device used to start an internal combustion engine. How to test the starter motor on the car step by step. How to use voltage drop to troubleshoot the starter system. This final thesis will mostly be dedicated to induction motors but also to synchronous permanent magnet and reluctance motors.
If you hear a sound like your cars trying to start but the headlights dim, your starter pinion is probably jammed. First, its essentially a remotecontrolled switcha special type of electrical relaythat allows the starter motor to be cranked without having the. Motor current signature analysis mcsa is a proven and accepted method for determining the condition of a motors current carrying components. It consists of a powerful dc direct current electric motor and the starter solenoid that is attached to the motor see the picture. Identify all main components of a diesel engine starting system 2. Identify all main components of an electric starter motor assembly 4.
My 1941 pontiac had a starter pedal on the floor just to the right of the acellerator. The pinion gear is on the same shaft as the motor armature and rotates at the same speed. Test results of motor starter equipment shall be in accordance with. A wide range of dmms are available to measure voltage, current, and resistance, depending on the motor power ratings. A starter that shows high resistance will drain power from the battery faster than the alternator can recharge it. A starter is an electric motor that turns over or cranks the engine to start it.
Jul 06, 2016 a dmm digital multimeter, such as this keithley dmm7510 from tektronix, is a musthave instrument for motor testing. In a motor vehicle, these currents all draw current from the battery and produce negative voltage spikes load examples typical current waveform inrush current x steady state current resistive heating elements, rear window defroster 1 inductive. Bench testing the starter is the most effective way to find out if the starter motor is in fact bad. Both systems have two separate electrical circuits. Rtd circuits shall be in accordance with system design intent and machine protection device. To test a car starter, youll want to start your car and listen for any problematic noises that could indicate something is wrong. If the switch activates but the motor does not spin, the problem may be the switch contacts, or the motor.
Check all fasteners, including the mounting hardware, and retighten. All of the testers are programmed with critical solenoid and motor parameters. A protocol involving voltage level, time duration, intervals between tests and connection methods must be composed, taking into account the type and size of the equipment, its value and role in the production process and other factors. Testing the thyristors step by step before disconnecting the cables mark them. Testing for a bad starter motor causing a no crank condition. The test generally applies between 100 and 5,000 v or more.
With the motor at normal operating temperature, the vibration velocity shall not exceed 2. Test the starter circuit cranking voltage cranking r. Often, this might cause a loud screeching noise when starting the car. This is a basic bench test of the starter motor and solenoid off the vehicle. This procedure can be applied to other armatures found. To be sure, you can have it tested at an autoparts store or by your mechanic. This type of starter has a compact, highspeed motor and a set of reduction gears.
Some vehicles have it hidden in the back of the engine under the intake manifold. There are two types of induction motors, one with wound type rotor, also called slipring motor and another one with squirrelcage rotor. Implementing a predictive maintenance program takes a. While the motor is smaller and weighs less than conventional starting motors, it operates at higher speed. Basic bench testing of a starter motor apex tool company. Here we are giving you only overview on 3 phases induction motor. Its shaft carries a small pinion gear wheel which engages with a large gear ring around the rim of the engine flywheel. Volt drop starter cables resistance in the high amp starter battery cables will cause slow cranking replacing a starter motor without checking volt drop may cause the new starter to fail high amp starter cables should have less than. To accomplish this a starter or cranking motor is used. The hardest thing in the whole procedure is to get the motor out of the vehicle and on to a test bench, as this is an off car test. Jun 06, 2016 video tutorial on how to test an armature of a motor. When activated by the plunger, the shift lever pushes the pinion gear and causes it to mesh with. Part 1 how to bench test a starter motor step by step.
However, testing a starter motor by yourself is not that difficult and you can follow the procedure below. Chart for dol motor starters with ml relays motor rating 240v1 phase sr. This is an easy test that you can accomplish yourself without having to take the starter motor to autozone or oreilly auto parts or pepboys auto parts. Describe the similarities and differences between air, hydraulic, and electric starting systems 3. Here, you are testing the connections between the starter motor and engine.
Warnings conduct this test in a wellventilated area, lest a spark from one of the jumper cables ignites gasoline vapors in the area as you connect the negative cable to. Implementing a predictive maintenance program takes a pm program to the next level. The only thing that complicates the testing of the starter motor is its location on the engine. Realistic testing as well as successful operations requires a fully charged battery capable of supplying the current the starting system is to test the battery. A plunger in the magnetic switch solenoid is connected to a shift lever. A starter motor is an electrical device used to start an internal. Proper vehicle diagnosis requires a plan before you start. It not only gives you an accurate, powerful battery, starter and alternator tester but also includes tests for relative compression and cylinder balance. They produce big power in a short time and in a small volume. A builtin pneumatic air pressure system, complete with air filterregulator, provides a clamping force that holds the motor down while testing. Part 1 how to test the starter motor on the car step by step. Toyota starting systems two different starting systems are used on toyota vehicles.
If you have some experience working with automobiles, however, you can perform several tests to determine whats wrong with the starter. The power and control circuits of induction motor with dol starter are shown in figure1. The field coils either electromagnetic or permanent located in the housing produce magnetic flux lines. Starter voltage waveform with different battery internal resistances 30. This custom feature allows for continuous 18second cycle testing. Diagnose the starting system linnbenton community college. Pdf starter motor converts electrical energy through a battery into mechanical rotating energy.
Starter diagnosing starter problems knowing the signs. The interaction of two magnetic fields produce this rotational force. Before troubleshooting the 3 phase induction motor, we must have to know about the 3 phase induction motor, star delta starter and its connection diagram. Gearreduction starter motor the gearreduction starter motor contains the components shown. Visual inspection and electrical testing of the armature and fields give the maintenance personnel an understanding of the condition of the motor. Video tutorial on how to test an armature of a motor. Triaging a nocrank condition and testing a starter motor hagerty.
The measurements shall be carried out with an instrument conforming to iso 2954 10 hz frequency range. Jul 01, 2015 basic motor testing with multimeters and ammeters july 1, 2015 by david herres 12 comments when an electric motor fails to start, runs intermittently, runs hot, or continually trips its overcurrent device, there my be a variety of causes. Electric starter motor the electric starter motor converts electrical current into rotary motion. Another symptom is when the starter motor runs, but fails to turn over the engine.
If you are having trouble starting your car, it may be that the starter motor has some problems. We have st24 and st116 testers on the production lines as well as st10, st12 and st16 testers. Before changing the starter in the vehicle perform the. To measure the value of the stator resistance of 3phase im. You must have a strong battery to test the starter. John deere has developed quite a name over the years as being a maker of reliable yard and farm equipment. Jun 26, 2017 the most common starter problem is loose contact or dirt accumulation.
Basic bench testing of a starter motor if you are having trouble starting your car, it may be that the starter motor has some problems. We sell tools, parts and upgrades for apple mac, ipod, iphone, ipad, and macbook as well as game consoles. If testing the starter circuit see checking the starter circuit indicates a fault in the starter motor, disconnect the battery and remove the motor from the car complete with its attached solenoid if it is a preengaged type of motor. The following sections of the ansineta standard for acceptance testing specifications for. Here i am working with an armature from a starter motor i am rebuilding for a vehicle. Standard for acceptance testing specifications for electrical. It comprises an enclosure in steel or plastic, a contactor, start contact, link wires and stop start buttons. Esl mixed grammarvocabulary quizzes for starters test 3 with answers for teachers and students. No motor rating 215v3 phase relay range contactor back up fuse sdf hp kw in hp kw in a rating type 16 1.
Starter motor converts electrical energy through a battery into mechanical rotating energy. Replace the starter motor if it fails to reach its proper cranking rpm without exceeding the amperage rating for the engine model. Standard for acceptance testing specifications for. Switch on the test current and check trip time of the relay. Inspection and test procedures for rotating machinery. Replace the starter or have the tractor checked by a qualified repair technician if these troubleshooting steps dont do the trick. Directonline dol motor starter description the direct on line motor starter dol is designed to switch a single or three phase induction motor at rated voltage. The starter motor doesnt run, even though there is a 12volt power at the starter control terminal. While the motor is smaller and weighs less than conventional starting. Lets talk about starter solenoids back in the good ol days starter pinion gear engagement andelectrical connnection between motor and battery were accomplished with total ly manual mechanisms. As with the stator, also the rotor core consists of electrically laminated steel sheets.
Part 1 how to test the starter motor on the car step by. By far the most commonly used ac motor is the induction motor. Starter motor the gear reduction starter is a compact lightweight unit with high torque capacity. Testing can be conducted without interrupting the normal operation of the motor, and in fact should be performed when. If battery voltage is found, the motor has a break in the circuit within the case. Disconnect the power cables from the main terminals 1l1, 3l2, and 5l3 and the motor cables from terminals 2t1, 4t2 and 6t3 disconnect all cables from the terminals 1 to 20, the external keypad, and the ptc sensor and if. Note that the performance of these tests is limited by some modern vehicles smart charging systems. Now look at the motor starter for loose connections and hot spots indicated by discoloration. This unwanted induced current is also called eddy current. This completes your initial premeasurement inspections. To make an engine start it must be turned at some speed, so that it sucks fuel and air into the cylinders, and compresses it. Checking and replacing the starter motor how a car works. Home technical articles testing and commissioning procedure for electric motors scope of motor testing it should be noted that the scope of motor testing depends upon the motor type and size, this being indicated on the inspection forms. It is a basic test that should be done before you fit a starter motor, especially if you have purchased one from the scrapyard.